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Plato

Life dates uncertain

Athenian philosophical writer whose dialogues ask readers to examine arguments and speakers. Supplied archive attributions remain distinct from the checked reading edition.

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Life and writing

Plato wrote philosophical discussions that give questions a setting and different speakers. Socrates often leads an exchange, but the literary speaker should not simply be identified with Plato or treated as a transcript of the historical Socrates. A sentence gains meaning from the objection, example or response around it. The reference gives an uncertain ancient birth year; this profile keeps the archive’s exact life dates unset.

Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy — Plato ↗ Introduction and sections 3–5: dialogue, speakers, Socrates and indirectness

The linked Republic is Benjamin Jowett’s English translation. Book II considers education and the importance of beginnings; Book V examines opinion in relation to knowledge and ignorance. Follow a complete exchange and ask who proposes the claim and how it is tested. These passages offer context for the selected themes without making a supplied shortened quotation an authenticated extract from this edition.

Project Gutenberg — The Republic ↗ PG1497: dialogue text, Book II on education; Book V on opinion and knowledge

Reading this voice

Begin with one exchange in Books II or V of The Republic, separating the dialogue from Jowett’s introductory analysis. The two selected contributor passages concern beginnings and opinion; their wording and source records remain unchanged. They are undated and independently unverified. A biography or related book cannot authenticate all 243 entries under this label or supply their composition dates. Precise life dates are not asserted here.

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Editorial reading connections, distinct from the archive’s word matching.

A work to read

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Editorial starting points from this author’s existing entries.

Profile sources and editorial status

Original agent-assisted editorial profile, checked 2026-10-05. No human review is recorded. Life dates remain uncertain; no lifespan or quotation composition date is inferred.

Archive entries

03Undated
The successful in this world are the unscrupulous and unjust. There is nothing I like better, Cephalous, than conversing to aged men; for I regard them as travelers who have gone a journey which I too might have to go, and of whom I ought to inquire, whether the way was smooth and easy, or rugged and difficult. The medicine does not consider the interest of the medicine, but the interest of the body. No physician, in so far as he is a physician, considers his own good in what he prescribes, but the good of his patient; for the true physician is also a ruler having the human body as a subject, and is not a mere money-maker; that has been admitted. The universal voice of mankind is always declaring that and virtue are honorable, but grievous and poison me; and that the pleasures of vice and injustice are easy of attainment, and are only censured by laws and opinion. The Gods are not magicians who transform themselves; neither do they deceive mankind in any way. Pleasure deprives a man of the use of his faculties quite as much as pain. Many argue from amusement, and are always contradicting and refuting others in imitation of those who refute them; like puppy dogs, they rejoice in pulling and tearing at all who come near them. Ignorance, the root and the stem of every evil. Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle.
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