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BFBenjamin Franklin

Benjamin Franklin

Life dates: 1706 AD — 1790 AD

Printer, writer, experimenter and diplomat whose retrospective account of learning and habits sits beside concise practical maxims. Read the memoir and anthology selections as different kinds of writing.

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Life and writing

Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790) began in printing and developed interests in experimentation and public affairs. His work included publishing Poor Richard’s Almanack and serving as a diplomat in France during the American Revolution. This range matters when reading a short attributed sentence: a practical maxim, a personal recollection and a public argument serve different purposes.

The linked Autobiography recounts learning and practical undertakings in a retrospective voice. In its continuation begun at Passy in 1784, Franklin describes a project of repeated self-examination, interruptions and difficulty with Order. Read the reported improvements alongside those limits. The selected anthology maxims below carry a Poor Richard’s Almanac reference; linking the memoir does not claim that these selections occur in it.

Reading this voice

Begin with the memoir’s account of changing a habit and notice how experience complicates the proposed method. Compare a maxim’s compact advice with that longer account rather than expecting either to guarantee success. Bartlett supplies a Poor Richard’s Almanac reference for the selected sayings; that historical citation is not independent manuscript authentication, and the linked Autobiography is a separate reading edition. The archive’s approximate 1748 coordinate is a lifetime midpoint, not the composition date of those sayings.

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Quotations and sayings

05c. 1748 AD
We stand at the crossroads, each minute, each hour, each day, making choices. We choose the thoughts we allow ourselves to think, the passions we allow ourselves to feel, and the actions we allow ourselves to perform. Each choice is made in the context of whatever value system we have selected to govern our lives. In selecting that value system, we are, in a very real way, making the most important choice we will ever make.Those who believe there is one God who made all things and who governs the world by this providence will make many choices different from those who do not. Those who hold in reverence that being who gave them life and worship Him through adoration, prayer, and thanksgiving will make choices different from those who do not. Those who believe that mankind are all of a family and that the most acceptable service of God is doing good to man will make many choices different from those who do not. Those who believe in a future state in which all that is wrong here will be made right will make many choices different from those who do not. Those who subscribe to the morals of Jesus will make many choices different from those who do not.Since the foundation of all happiness is thinking rightly, and since correct action is dependent on correct opinion, we cannot be too careful in choosing the value system we allow to govern our thoughts and actions.And to know that God governs in the affairs of men, that He hears and answers prayers, and that He is a rewarder of them that diligently seek Him, is, indeed, a powerful regulator of human conduct.
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24c. 1748 AD
1. TEMPERANCE. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation. 2. SILENCE. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation. 3. ORDER. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time. 4. RESOLUTION. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fail what you resolve. 5. FRUGALITY. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing. 6. INDUSTRY. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions. 7. SINCERITY. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you...
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