Once in Persia reigned a king Who upon his signet ring Graved a maxim true and wise Which if held before the eyes Gave him counsel at a glance Fit for every change and chance. Solemn words and these are they: "Even this shall pass away."

Meaning: Someone's belief may have been produced by what they want to be true, rather than by good evidence that it is true.

Meaning: A request made at a higher level leaves room to reduce it later. The saying describes flexibility in an opening demand, while its advice needs limits: an inflated request can undermine trust or ignore what the other person can reasonably offer.

Meaning: An outward container does not establish the quality of what is inside. Look for evidence about the substance rather than relying on packaging, appearance or a reassuring presentation.

Meaning: The phrase rejects a claim as implausible, suggesting that the speaker feels someone is asking too much of their belief. A strong expression of doubt still needs reasons when the actual claim matters.